1 00:00:00,000 --> 00:00:03,667 (tense sparse upbeat music) 2 00:00:02,000 --> 00:00:07,000 Downloaded from YTS.MX 3 00:00:05,140 --> 00:00:07,663 Moscow, during the Cold War. 4 00:00:08,000 --> 00:00:13,000 Official YIFY movies site: YTS.MX 5 00:00:09,750 --> 00:00:11,620 It was '67. 6 00:00:11,620 --> 00:00:16,620 It was the time of the beginning of all this Brezhnev frost. 7 00:00:16,710 --> 00:00:19,090 On the evening of 6th March, 8 00:00:19,090 --> 00:00:22,080 a Russian woman walks into the American Embassy in New Delhi 9 00:00:22,080 --> 00:00:24,330 and asks for political asylum. 10 00:00:24,330 --> 00:00:26,910 There was nobody who really spoke Russian in the embassy, 11 00:00:26,910 --> 00:00:28,577 and she said she wanted to defect 12 00:00:28,577 --> 00:00:31,500 and she was Stalin's daughter. 13 00:00:31,500 --> 00:00:34,200 But they weren't sure she really was Stalin's daughter. 14 00:00:34,200 --> 00:00:37,050 I mean, she could be a fake Stalin's daughter. 15 00:00:37,050 --> 00:00:39,870 It really is Svetlana Alliluyeva. 16 00:00:39,870 --> 00:00:43,363 She is flown out, escorted by an agent from the CIA. 17 00:00:45,093 --> 00:00:46,220 (Martha speaks in foreign language) 18 00:00:46,220 --> 00:00:47,670 Nobody really believed 19 00:00:47,670 --> 00:00:49,870 she'd left Russia of her own free will. 20 00:00:49,870 --> 00:00:52,630 Everyone thought the CIA was behind it. 21 00:00:52,630 --> 00:00:55,020 Or the KGB. 22 00:00:55,020 --> 00:00:56,570 For the Soviet authorities, 23 00:00:56,570 --> 00:00:58,270 it is an embarrassing setback 24 00:00:58,270 --> 00:01:00,960 in the propaganda war with the USA. 25 00:01:00,960 --> 00:01:03,730 They tried to do everything to prevent this with Lana. 26 00:01:03,730 --> 00:01:06,457 One possibility was to kill her. 27 00:01:08,110 --> 00:01:10,380 The arrival of Stalin's daughter in New York 28 00:01:10,380 --> 00:01:11,490 is a sensation. 29 00:01:11,490 --> 00:01:12,827 They saw it as a victory. 30 00:01:12,827 --> 00:01:16,530 "Here she comes for freedom, and freedom to be herself." 31 00:01:16,530 --> 00:01:19,810 Svetlana, the Kremlin princess. 32 00:01:19,810 --> 00:01:22,610 How did the favorite child of the Red Czar 33 00:01:22,610 --> 00:01:25,960 become the most famous defector of the Cold War? 34 00:01:25,960 --> 00:01:28,590 She didn't want to live under this 35 00:01:28,590 --> 00:01:32,270 shadow of an umbrella of this monstrous history. 36 00:01:50,898 --> 00:01:55,898 (gentle music) (footsteps thudding) 37 00:01:59,750 --> 00:02:03,260 The empire of the Red Czar, Joseph Stalin, 38 00:02:03,260 --> 00:02:06,540 worshiped by many, feared by even more, 39 00:02:06,540 --> 00:02:09,400 responsible for the death of millions. 40 00:02:09,400 --> 00:02:13,193 He is the father of two sons and one daughter, Svetlana. 41 00:02:14,221 --> 00:02:15,390 (Marfa speaks in foreign language) 42 00:02:15,390 --> 00:02:17,170 It was her very name, you might say, 43 00:02:17,170 --> 00:02:19,361 that interfered with her life. 44 00:02:19,361 --> 00:02:21,630 It pursued her everywhere she went. 45 00:02:21,630 --> 00:02:23,637 People were pointing fingers at her, saying, 46 00:02:23,637 --> 00:02:24,797 "Look, that's her!" 47 00:02:25,966 --> 00:02:27,755 (gentle music) 48 00:02:27,755 --> 00:02:29,440 Here, the human face 49 00:02:29,440 --> 00:02:32,170 of the bloody dictator is revealed 50 00:02:32,170 --> 00:02:36,093 as the proud father of his beloved daughter, Svetlana. 51 00:02:40,026 --> 00:02:42,570 (Alexander speaks in foreign language) 52 00:02:42,570 --> 00:02:44,880 You know, in Chekhov's "The Seagull," 53 00:02:44,880 --> 00:02:46,717 there's a very wise saying. 54 00:02:46,717 --> 00:02:49,887 "Learn how to carry your cross and keep believing." 55 00:02:51,327 --> 00:02:54,443 (somber music) 56 00:02:54,443 --> 00:02:56,593 Svetlana carried that cross. 57 00:02:57,560 --> 00:03:00,397 It was very difficult, especially for a person like her. 58 00:03:01,480 --> 00:03:04,390 She was very delicate, clever. 59 00:03:04,390 --> 00:03:06,493 A subtle and insightful person. 60 00:03:07,740 --> 00:03:10,063 That makes the cross twice as heavy. 61 00:03:11,228 --> 00:03:16,228 (gentle thoughtful music) (crowd cheering) 62 00:03:21,910 --> 00:03:23,750 The people of the Soviet Union 63 00:03:23,750 --> 00:03:27,710 call the bloody dictator who rules them Father Stalin. 64 00:03:27,710 --> 00:03:31,083 The personality cult surrounding him knows no limits. 65 00:03:33,150 --> 00:03:35,423 (Alexander speaks in foreign language) 66 00:03:35,423 --> 00:03:37,110 Stalin was a myth. 67 00:03:37,110 --> 00:03:39,773 He turned into a myth a long, long time ago. 68 00:03:40,760 --> 00:03:43,750 He was a harsh man. A quite brutal man. 69 00:03:43,750 --> 00:03:45,000 I think he lived a life 70 00:03:45,000 --> 00:03:47,343 that shaped his character in a certain way. 71 00:03:48,370 --> 00:03:50,870 And that life and everything that went with it, 72 00:03:50,870 --> 00:03:54,140 Marxism joining the party and so on and so forth, 73 00:03:54,140 --> 00:03:57,140 his exiles, escapes, arrests, 74 00:03:57,140 --> 00:03:59,260 these things began to play a role, 75 00:03:59,260 --> 00:04:01,933 molding something different in the man. 76 00:04:06,028 --> 00:04:08,720 Ioseb Jughashvili is born in Georgia, 77 00:04:08,720 --> 00:04:10,580 the son of a shoemaker. 78 00:04:10,580 --> 00:04:13,240 As Joseph Stalin, the Steel One, 79 00:04:13,240 --> 00:04:15,820 he rises to become a member of the inner circle 80 00:04:15,820 --> 00:04:18,020 of Marxist revolutionaries. 81 00:04:18,020 --> 00:04:20,223 He is not among the most prominent of them. 82 00:04:23,490 --> 00:04:25,800 But that will change. 83 00:04:25,800 --> 00:04:27,740 In January 1924, 84 00:04:27,740 --> 00:04:31,110 the leader of the Russian Revolution, Vladimir Ilyich Lenin, 85 00:04:31,110 --> 00:04:33,020 is carried to his grave. 86 00:04:33,020 --> 00:04:34,540 Only a short time before, 87 00:04:34,540 --> 00:04:36,793 he had warned about Stalin's ambitions. 88 00:04:40,150 --> 00:04:43,550 The potential successors gather around the coffin. 89 00:04:43,550 --> 00:04:46,423 The struggle for Lenin's legacy has begun. 90 00:04:48,811 --> 00:04:50,550 (Olga speaks in foreign language) 91 00:04:50,550 --> 00:04:52,420 He was scarcely visible. 92 00:04:52,420 --> 00:04:54,200 A pale figure against the backdrop 93 00:04:54,200 --> 00:04:59,143 of such bright, charismatic figures as Lenin, Trotsky, 94 00:05:00,210 --> 00:05:02,530 the chieftains of the revolution. 95 00:05:02,530 --> 00:05:05,923 He was a quiet, cunning, unobtrusive functionary. 96 00:05:07,055 --> 00:05:11,270 (gentle upbeat pensive music) 97 00:05:11,270 --> 00:05:13,030 Stalin's rise to the position 98 00:05:13,030 --> 00:05:15,040 of undisputed head of the Kremlin 99 00:05:15,040 --> 00:05:17,680 is partly due to Svetlana's mother. 100 00:05:17,680 --> 00:05:20,950 Stalin's second wife, Nadezhda Alliluyeva, 101 00:05:20,950 --> 00:05:24,513 was a close confidante of Lenin's, as well as his secretary. 102 00:05:26,251 --> 00:05:27,743 It was very useful to Stalin 103 00:05:27,743 --> 00:05:30,370 that she worked in Lenin's secretariat. 104 00:05:30,370 --> 00:05:32,520 He knew everything that was going on there. 105 00:05:33,638 --> 00:05:35,370 Svetlana's mother, Nadezhda, 106 00:05:35,370 --> 00:05:38,830 is only 16 years old when she falls in love with Stalin, 107 00:05:38,830 --> 00:05:41,080 more than 20 years her senior. 108 00:05:41,080 --> 00:05:42,633 He is a friend of the family. 109 00:05:44,928 --> 00:05:46,610 (Olga speaks in foreign language) 110 00:05:46,610 --> 00:05:50,610 He loved her. Confided in her a great deal. 111 00:05:50,610 --> 00:05:51,853 Consulted with her. 112 00:05:52,790 --> 00:05:55,470 And, up to a certain point in time, 113 00:05:55,470 --> 00:05:56,923 she was very close to him. 114 00:05:58,415 --> 00:06:01,688 (gentle music) 115 00:06:01,688 --> 00:06:05,573 In 1921, their son Vasily is born. 116 00:06:05,573 --> 00:06:09,470 Then, in 1926, Svetlana. 117 00:06:09,470 --> 00:06:13,610 In one of her first interviews in the USA, she remembers. 118 00:06:13,610 --> 00:06:15,560 The same person who was merciless 119 00:06:15,560 --> 00:06:19,290 to his political enemies, he could be, at the same time, 120 00:06:19,290 --> 00:06:22,630 rather kind and tender with his favorite child. 121 00:06:22,630 --> 00:06:23,830 Everything was there. 122 00:06:23,830 --> 00:06:28,160 Cruelty was there and sending fruits. (laughs) 123 00:06:28,160 --> 00:06:32,377 And writing tender letters to his daughter was also there. 124 00:06:32,377 --> 00:06:35,627 (gentle solemn music) 125 00:06:39,993 --> 00:06:42,400 In Moscow's central archives, 126 00:06:42,400 --> 00:06:44,050 the blueprints of unknown letters 127 00:06:44,050 --> 00:06:47,560 from Joseph Stalin to Svetlana have come to light. 128 00:06:47,560 --> 00:06:49,290 They indicate that the relationship 129 00:06:49,290 --> 00:06:51,623 between father and daughter was tender. 130 00:06:54,930 --> 00:06:57,233 In 1931, for example. 131 00:06:58,870 --> 00:07:00,530 In order number three, 132 00:07:00,530 --> 00:07:02,970 Svetlana, then five years old, 133 00:07:02,970 --> 00:07:06,130 instructs her father to take her to the movies. 134 00:07:06,130 --> 00:07:07,910 An American comedy. 135 00:07:07,910 --> 00:07:10,737 The dictator scribbles his reply. 136 00:07:10,737 --> 00:07:13,937 "I obey my lady, Joseph Stalin." 137 00:07:15,780 --> 00:07:17,590 Behind the walls of the Kremlin, 138 00:07:17,590 --> 00:07:19,730 the leaders of the young Soviet Union 139 00:07:19,730 --> 00:07:21,150 live in close proximity. 140 00:07:21,150 --> 00:07:23,760 Svetlana's mother, Nadezhda, 141 00:07:23,760 --> 00:07:26,370 wants to be more than Stalin's wife. 142 00:07:26,370 --> 00:07:29,277 After the birth of their daughter, she begins to study. 143 00:07:29,277 --> 00:07:30,630 (Olga speaks in foreign language) 144 00:07:30,630 --> 00:07:32,560 My father studied with her. 145 00:07:32,560 --> 00:07:33,780 She would get out of the car 146 00:07:33,780 --> 00:07:37,403 several blocks away from the university, continuing on foot. 147 00:07:38,260 --> 00:07:41,280 Therefore, many didn't know who she was. 148 00:07:41,280 --> 00:07:43,420 And he even told me that, for a long time, 149 00:07:43,420 --> 00:07:45,233 he knew her only as Nadenka. 150 00:07:46,270 --> 00:07:48,960 She was also very beautiful and feminine, 151 00:07:48,960 --> 00:07:50,743 so men were attracted to her. 152 00:07:51,843 --> 00:07:54,800 Svetlana's mother intends to be active 153 00:07:54,800 --> 00:07:57,900 in the construction of the socialist state. 154 00:07:57,900 --> 00:07:59,920 One of her friends at university 155 00:07:59,920 --> 00:08:01,850 will one day succeed Stalin 156 00:08:01,850 --> 00:08:03,733 as the head of the Communist Party. 157 00:08:04,600 --> 00:08:09,330 Nadezhda introduces Nikita Khrushchev to her husband. 158 00:08:09,330 --> 00:08:11,880 My father became the party secretary, 159 00:08:11,880 --> 00:08:14,040 so he was supervisor, 160 00:08:14,040 --> 00:08:17,750 and she came here asking advices from him, 161 00:08:17,750 --> 00:08:21,413 what she has to do and how to behave. 162 00:08:22,360 --> 00:08:27,070 And when he was invited to the Stalin home, 163 00:08:27,070 --> 00:08:30,563 he found that she's very different person at home. 164 00:08:31,400 --> 00:08:34,790 From 1927 on, Svetlana's father 165 00:08:34,790 --> 00:08:38,883 is the sole ruler of the Soviet Union, with unlimited power. 166 00:08:39,950 --> 00:08:42,650 Joseph Stalin ruthlessly pushes forward 167 00:08:42,650 --> 00:08:46,100 with the forced collectivization of agriculture. 168 00:08:46,100 --> 00:08:48,830 Any resistance is brutally suppressed. 169 00:08:48,830 --> 00:08:51,195 Millions of people starve to death. 170 00:08:51,195 --> 00:08:52,747 (flames crackling) 171 00:08:52,747 --> 00:08:54,491 (Martha speaks in foreign language) 172 00:08:54,491 --> 00:08:56,500 In the Kremlin itself, 173 00:08:56,500 --> 00:08:58,900 any mention of the actual situation 174 00:08:58,900 --> 00:09:00,353 was confined to whispers. 175 00:09:01,900 --> 00:09:05,750 But when Nadezhda was permitted to go to university 176 00:09:05,750 --> 00:09:07,740 and discovered that starving children 177 00:09:07,740 --> 00:09:09,160 were begging in the streets 178 00:09:09,160 --> 00:09:13,300 and that people were dying of hunger, she approached Stalin 179 00:09:13,300 --> 00:09:16,490 and took him to task about the situation. 180 00:09:16,490 --> 00:09:18,633 And he completely flew off the handle. 181 00:09:23,739 --> 00:09:25,443 (Olga speaks in foreign language) 182 00:09:25,443 --> 00:09:28,120 People who saw Nadezhda at that time, 183 00:09:28,120 --> 00:09:30,250 by the end of the '20s, 184 00:09:30,250 --> 00:09:33,460 said that she seemed to be in a deep depression. 185 00:09:33,460 --> 00:09:36,650 She was always silent when there were people around, 186 00:09:36,650 --> 00:09:38,880 sat huddled in a shawl. 187 00:09:38,880 --> 00:09:40,583 Looked at Stalin with horror. 188 00:09:41,710 --> 00:09:44,060 And there is evidence that he used to beat her. 189 00:09:46,819 --> 00:09:49,652 (dramatic music) 190 00:09:50,550 --> 00:09:53,200 On 8th November, 1932, 191 00:09:53,200 --> 00:09:55,220 Soviet dignitaries celebrate the anniversary 192 00:09:55,220 --> 00:09:57,050 of the Revolution. 193 00:09:57,050 --> 00:10:00,585 Svetlana's mother mingles with the common people. 194 00:10:00,585 --> 00:10:01,800 (Martha speaks in foreign language) 195 00:10:01,800 --> 00:10:03,700 She went with a group of workers, 196 00:10:03,700 --> 00:10:06,560 and when she came up to Stalin, 197 00:10:06,560 --> 00:10:08,570 she stepped out of the group, 198 00:10:08,570 --> 00:10:11,290 and who was standing up there with Stalin? 199 00:10:11,290 --> 00:10:12,810 The children. 200 00:10:12,810 --> 00:10:16,238 And then that evening in the Kremlin, there was a big party. 201 00:10:16,238 --> 00:10:21,238 (upbeat music) (people cheering) 202 00:10:22,590 --> 00:10:24,960 Stalin is very drunk 203 00:10:24,960 --> 00:10:27,403 and flirts with all the ladies around him. 204 00:10:28,497 --> 00:10:31,080 (tense music) 205 00:10:33,876 --> 00:10:35,250 (Olga speaks in foreign language) 206 00:10:35,250 --> 00:10:36,800 He drank a little, 207 00:10:36,800 --> 00:10:39,143 while she sat silently as always. 208 00:10:40,040 --> 00:10:42,270 That sent him into a fury. 209 00:10:42,270 --> 00:10:44,690 He started throwing things at her. 210 00:10:44,690 --> 00:10:48,700 Some people say orange peels. Some say bread balls. 211 00:10:48,700 --> 00:10:51,540 And then he said to her, "Hey, drink!" 212 00:10:51,540 --> 00:10:54,543 And whatever he was throwing hit her in the eye. 213 00:10:55,490 --> 00:10:57,890 She said, "Don't 'hey' me!" 214 00:10:57,890 --> 00:11:00,740 And a fast, short, insulting squabble ensued 215 00:11:00,740 --> 00:11:01,940 between the two of them. 216 00:11:09,540 --> 00:11:12,813 It is the last time Nadezhda is seen alive. 217 00:11:13,754 --> 00:11:16,337 (guns blasts) 218 00:11:22,068 --> 00:11:24,570 (Olga speaks in foreign language) 219 00:11:24,570 --> 00:11:25,403 In the morning, 220 00:11:25,403 --> 00:11:28,200 her maid entered to bring her breakfast 221 00:11:28,200 --> 00:11:31,293 and found her lying on the floor with a shot to the temple. 222 00:11:33,120 --> 00:11:36,000 And then strange things began to happen. 223 00:11:36,000 --> 00:11:38,240 Some witnesses say that it took Stalin 224 00:11:38,240 --> 00:11:40,980 a long time to come out of his bedroom, 225 00:11:40,980 --> 00:11:43,110 they slept in separate rooms, 226 00:11:43,110 --> 00:11:45,303 emerging only at 10:00 in the morning, 227 00:11:46,300 --> 00:11:47,600 which is rather strange, 228 00:11:47,600 --> 00:11:49,500 because people were running all about, 229 00:11:49,500 --> 00:11:51,170 there was a huge uproar. 230 00:11:51,170 --> 00:11:53,743 The doctor was called. People came running. 231 00:11:54,610 --> 00:11:57,830 And he only came out at 10:00 in the morning. 232 00:11:57,830 --> 00:11:58,970 And he kept repeating 233 00:11:58,970 --> 00:12:00,970 that he had not spent the night at home. 234 00:12:02,821 --> 00:12:05,580 Nadezhda's body is laid out in the Kremlin. 235 00:12:05,580 --> 00:12:09,580 A ruptured appendix is the official cause of death 236 00:12:09,580 --> 00:12:11,123 stipulated by Stalin. 237 00:12:15,410 --> 00:12:17,940 The doctors refused to sign one of those, 238 00:12:17,940 --> 00:12:20,940 I don't know what it's called, I guess, a death certificate, 239 00:12:20,940 --> 00:12:24,140 saying that the cause of death was appendicitis. 240 00:12:24,140 --> 00:12:26,913 And later, these doctors were arrested and shot. 241 00:12:29,201 --> 00:12:32,034 (birds chirping) 242 00:12:33,075 --> 00:12:35,340 At Nadezhda's grave, 243 00:12:35,340 --> 00:12:37,993 Joseph Stalin reveals his true nature. 244 00:12:39,092 --> 00:12:41,220 He said such a terrible thing 245 00:12:41,220 --> 00:12:42,820 as he approached the coffin. 246 00:12:42,820 --> 00:12:46,117 He gave it a shove and said, "She left as an enemy." 247 00:12:48,480 --> 00:12:51,100 Svetlana will be told that her mother died 248 00:12:51,100 --> 00:12:53,960 after surgery to remove her appendix. 249 00:12:53,960 --> 00:12:56,200 Exactly what Stalin did that night 250 00:12:56,200 --> 00:12:58,020 has never been fully explained. 251 00:12:58,020 --> 00:13:03,020 Before her death, Stalin lived normal personal life. 252 00:13:03,515 --> 00:13:04,848 Nadezhda's death 253 00:13:07,273 --> 00:13:08,106 really 254 00:13:09,983 --> 00:13:13,310 changed Stalin nature to the worse. 255 00:13:13,310 --> 00:13:16,320 Svetlana and Vasily are left motherless. 256 00:13:16,320 --> 00:13:18,940 They also have a half-brother, Yakov, 257 00:13:18,940 --> 00:13:20,730 from Stalin's first marriage. 258 00:13:20,730 --> 00:13:22,797 His mother died of typhoid. 259 00:13:22,797 --> 00:13:25,964 (tense upbeat music) 260 00:13:27,950 --> 00:13:32,603 From now on, Joseph Stalin will only be wedded to power. 261 00:13:35,480 --> 00:13:36,620 Stalin often arranged it 262 00:13:36,620 --> 00:13:38,890 so people would eat dinner with him at night, 263 00:13:38,890 --> 00:13:41,510 sometimes up to three or four in the morning. 264 00:13:41,510 --> 00:13:44,480 It was well known that he always arranged it that way. 265 00:13:44,480 --> 00:13:46,200 He might invite someone new, 266 00:13:46,200 --> 00:13:48,590 but basically, it was always a small circle 267 00:13:48,590 --> 00:13:50,190 nearly every day. 268 00:13:50,190 --> 00:13:51,693 Everybody was afraid. 269 00:13:53,310 --> 00:13:55,990 Stepan Mikoyan knew Stalin's children 270 00:13:55,990 --> 00:13:58,790 since their childhood together in the Kremlin. 271 00:13:58,790 --> 00:14:00,930 Later, he makes a career for himself 272 00:14:00,930 --> 00:14:03,883 in the Soviet Air Force, together with Vasily. 273 00:14:05,451 --> 00:14:07,170 (Stepan speaks in foreign language) 274 00:14:07,170 --> 00:14:09,360 My father was a member of the government, 275 00:14:09,360 --> 00:14:11,730 a Politburo member for many years, 276 00:14:11,730 --> 00:14:14,690 first deputy chairman of the council of ministers. 277 00:14:14,690 --> 00:14:16,727 And he said, "You never know where you'll be going 278 00:14:16,727 --> 00:14:20,077 "when you leave Stalin, home or to prison." 279 00:14:21,017 --> 00:14:22,270 (Stepan laughs) 280 00:14:22,270 --> 00:14:23,580 Life in the Kremlin 281 00:14:23,580 --> 00:14:26,920 is dominated by fear and uncertainty. 282 00:14:26,920 --> 00:14:31,320 In the mid-1930s, Stalin's Great Purge begins, 283 00:14:31,320 --> 00:14:34,430 and not even the members of the inner circle are safe. 284 00:14:34,430 --> 00:14:39,043 Svetlana and Vasily experience all this at close quarters. 285 00:14:39,043 --> 00:14:42,690 (gentle somber music) 286 00:14:42,690 --> 00:14:46,910 Stalin spends most of his time in his dacha outside Moscow. 287 00:14:46,910 --> 00:14:48,100 For weeks on end, 288 00:14:48,100 --> 00:14:51,630 the only contact he has with his daughter is by letter. 289 00:14:51,630 --> 00:14:54,093 The tone of the correspondence is affectionate. 290 00:14:55,656 --> 00:14:59,530 It appears that his daughter has forgotten about her father. 291 00:14:59,530 --> 00:15:02,040 He requests further instructions. 292 00:15:02,040 --> 00:15:03,683 Inquiries about her health. 293 00:15:05,057 --> 00:15:07,117 "You are offending your father. 294 00:15:07,117 --> 00:15:10,487 "I kiss you and wait for your letter. Papa." 295 00:15:13,868 --> 00:15:16,120 (Marfa speaks in foreign language) 296 00:15:16,120 --> 00:15:20,100 Stalin came to visit Gorky, my grandfather, 297 00:15:20,100 --> 00:15:22,283 and brought Svetlana with him. 298 00:15:24,030 --> 00:15:28,320 And he really wanted her to become sort of friends with me. 299 00:15:28,320 --> 00:15:29,960 There were some children here, 300 00:15:29,960 --> 00:15:32,430 whereas where she lived, at the dacha, 301 00:15:32,430 --> 00:15:35,073 she only had her nanny to keep her company. 302 00:15:35,073 --> 00:15:36,153 An old lady. 303 00:15:37,470 --> 00:15:39,090 Well, of course, the bodyguards, 304 00:15:39,090 --> 00:15:41,793 but, in general, she had nobody to talk to. 305 00:15:44,750 --> 00:15:47,380 The granddaughter of the writer Maxim Gorky 306 00:15:47,380 --> 00:15:50,635 and Stalin's daughter become the best of friends. 307 00:15:50,635 --> 00:15:53,302 (gentle music) 308 00:15:56,980 --> 00:16:00,870 Marfa Peshkova is probably the only person still alive 309 00:16:00,870 --> 00:16:02,680 who witnessed Joseph Stalin 310 00:16:02,680 --> 00:16:06,489 as an affectionate father in his private surroundings. 311 00:16:06,489 --> 00:16:07,670 (Marfa speaks in foreign language) 312 00:16:07,670 --> 00:16:08,970 When she was little, 313 00:16:08,970 --> 00:16:11,700 yes, he loved her dearly. 314 00:16:11,700 --> 00:16:12,533 He loved her... 315 00:16:12,533 --> 00:16:14,680 You know how it is with a little child. 316 00:16:14,680 --> 00:16:18,140 Loved to hug her, tickle her, make her laugh. 317 00:16:18,140 --> 00:16:21,650 See, he really loved her and called her his darling. 318 00:16:21,650 --> 00:16:22,863 His little sparrow. 319 00:16:25,162 --> 00:16:26,565 (Marfa chuckles) 320 00:16:26,565 --> 00:16:27,988 (gentle thoughtful music) 321 00:16:27,988 --> 00:16:29,470 For the first time, 322 00:16:29,470 --> 00:16:32,923 the Kremlin princess has a friend who is the same age. 323 00:16:38,398 --> 00:16:42,030 (Marfa speaks in foreign language) 324 00:16:42,030 --> 00:16:44,270 I remember very well when she arrived 325 00:16:44,270 --> 00:16:46,000 in a little white cap. 326 00:16:46,000 --> 00:16:49,310 She went over to the mirror and took her cap off, 327 00:16:49,310 --> 00:16:53,390 releasing a cascade of completely golden, curly hair. 328 00:16:53,390 --> 00:16:56,500 I've never seen such a beautiful color. 329 00:16:56,500 --> 00:16:58,690 That's the first thing that struck me. 330 00:16:58,690 --> 00:17:00,763 I've never seen anything like it. 331 00:17:04,842 --> 00:17:06,430 Svetlana and Marfa 332 00:17:06,430 --> 00:17:08,640 are in the same class at school. 333 00:17:08,640 --> 00:17:12,171 They often spend the weekends together in Stalin's dacha. 334 00:17:12,171 --> 00:17:15,004 (birds chirping) 335 00:17:16,239 --> 00:17:20,050 (tense ambient music) 336 00:17:20,050 --> 00:17:23,784 Marfa dreads dinners together with Joseph Stalin. 337 00:17:23,784 --> 00:17:25,206 (fire crackles) 338 00:17:25,206 --> 00:17:27,430 (Marfa speaks in foreign language) 339 00:17:27,430 --> 00:17:29,857 His first question to me was, 340 00:17:29,857 --> 00:17:32,360 "Are there a lot of boys running after you?" 341 00:17:32,360 --> 00:17:34,760 I was, of course, immediately embarrassed, 342 00:17:34,760 --> 00:17:36,073 being still a schoolgirl. 343 00:17:37,290 --> 00:17:41,460 Svetlana said, "Wah, there you go again, Papa." 344 00:17:41,460 --> 00:17:45,077 And suddenly, he gave me such a malicious look. 345 00:17:45,077 --> 00:17:47,257 "How's your old lady making out?" 346 00:17:48,160 --> 00:17:50,017 I couldn't understand what he was talking about. 347 00:17:50,017 --> 00:17:51,937 "What old lady?" 348 00:17:51,937 --> 00:17:54,960 "Who do we have at home that could be called that?" 349 00:17:54,960 --> 00:17:56,697 And Svetlana, whispered to me, 350 00:17:56,697 --> 00:17:58,597 "He's talking about your grandmother." 351 00:18:00,740 --> 00:18:03,270 It is because she has such a close relationship 352 00:18:03,270 --> 00:18:04,890 with Stalin's daughter 353 00:18:04,890 --> 00:18:07,560 that Marfa witnesses the way Svetlana, 354 00:18:07,560 --> 00:18:09,600 as a young girl in Moscow, 355 00:18:09,600 --> 00:18:13,099 discovers the truth about her mother's death. 356 00:18:13,099 --> 00:18:16,400 (Marfa speaks in foreign language) 357 00:18:16,400 --> 00:18:17,310 And suddenly, 358 00:18:17,310 --> 00:18:20,397 she shows me a magazine in English and says, 359 00:18:20,397 --> 00:18:22,490 "Look at this picture." 360 00:18:22,490 --> 00:18:25,480 I'm looking, and there's a woman lying in a coffin. 361 00:18:25,480 --> 00:18:27,677 She says, "It's my mama." 362 00:18:28,850 --> 00:18:32,400 And the article, Svetlana had already studied English, 363 00:18:32,400 --> 00:18:33,820 and so she read the article, 364 00:18:33,820 --> 00:18:37,210 which said that she'd committed suicide, 365 00:18:37,210 --> 00:18:39,050 whereas Svetlana had been told 366 00:18:39,050 --> 00:18:40,853 that she'd died of appendicitis. 367 00:18:47,065 --> 00:18:49,190 Svetlana and her father 368 00:18:49,190 --> 00:18:51,373 never speak about the lie. 369 00:18:51,373 --> 00:18:54,800 (gentle somber music) 370 00:18:54,800 --> 00:18:57,900 Her brother, Vasily, also suffers from this loss. 371 00:18:57,900 --> 00:18:59,230 And on top of that, 372 00:18:59,230 --> 00:19:01,673 he gets little attention from their father. 373 00:19:01,673 --> 00:19:02,790 (Stepan speaks in foreign language) 374 00:19:02,790 --> 00:19:04,840 He was very able, energetic, 375 00:19:04,840 --> 00:19:07,573 not at all stupid, but spoiled. 376 00:19:09,030 --> 00:19:11,120 If he had been in good hands, as they say, 377 00:19:11,120 --> 00:19:13,460 he would have given great mileage, 378 00:19:13,460 --> 00:19:15,900 but he'd had no mother since childhood. 379 00:19:15,900 --> 00:19:18,702 He was taken care of by some Chekist. 380 00:19:18,702 --> 00:19:21,093 But, of course, that was not the same thing. 381 00:19:23,208 --> 00:19:26,791 (gentle thoughtful music) 382 00:19:28,021 --> 00:19:30,880 He was very afraid of his father. 383 00:19:30,880 --> 00:19:33,610 Svetlana even told me that when he called him, 384 00:19:33,610 --> 00:19:35,430 he would just stand there shaking. 385 00:19:35,430 --> 00:19:36,943 That's how scared he was. 386 00:19:37,955 --> 00:19:39,230 (upbeat tense music) 387 00:19:39,230 --> 00:19:41,830 The devoted father of the Russian people, 388 00:19:41,830 --> 00:19:44,380 sacrificing himself for them. 389 00:19:44,380 --> 00:19:46,870 This is the picture created by the propaganda 390 00:19:46,870 --> 00:19:48,700 around Joseph Stalin. 391 00:19:48,700 --> 00:19:51,860 The new Moscow, it is all to his credit. 392 00:19:51,860 --> 00:19:56,530 In school, children are taught the superiority of socialism. 393 00:19:56,530 --> 00:19:58,993 I didn't think of Stalin as a family man. 394 00:19:59,900 --> 00:20:03,893 I mean, we knew he was like a god, almost. 395 00:20:05,195 --> 00:20:06,930 In math, we learned the difference, 396 00:20:06,930 --> 00:20:08,910 how many days between Lenin's birthday 397 00:20:08,910 --> 00:20:11,393 and Stalin's birthday and things like that. 398 00:20:12,310 --> 00:20:14,150 The daughter of the American diplomat 399 00:20:14,150 --> 00:20:18,150 George Kennan, attends a normal school in Moscow. 400 00:20:18,150 --> 00:20:21,293 She participates in everyday life in the Soviet Union. 401 00:20:22,930 --> 00:20:25,280 We went to a restaurant and they had dancing 402 00:20:25,280 --> 00:20:29,860 and a Russian army officer came over and asked me to dance. 403 00:20:29,860 --> 00:20:32,010 And then one of the people from our embassy 404 00:20:32,920 --> 00:20:35,137 went up and said, "This is the daughter 405 00:20:35,137 --> 00:20:38,090 "of the American ambassador," and he turned white. 406 00:20:38,090 --> 00:20:41,681 I could see it myself. He was absolutely terrified. 407 00:20:41,681 --> 00:20:44,260 (dramatic music) 408 00:20:44,260 --> 00:20:47,680 In 1937, the terror of Stalin's purge 409 00:20:47,680 --> 00:20:50,250 reaches a climax throughout the country. 410 00:20:50,250 --> 00:20:52,823 Millions of people are exiled or murdered. 411 00:20:54,940 --> 00:20:58,350 Stalin's cruelty can be turned upon anyone, 412 00:20:58,350 --> 00:21:00,177 even those closest to him. 413 00:21:01,227 --> 00:21:04,200 In the peak of these purges, 414 00:21:04,200 --> 00:21:08,130 my father told that it was very dangerous time 415 00:21:08,130 --> 00:21:12,000 because Stalin just brought him to the Kremlin 416 00:21:12,000 --> 00:21:13,743 and looked his eyes. 417 00:21:15,900 --> 00:21:19,052 Very straight, he told, "You are not Khrushchev." 418 00:21:19,052 --> 00:21:21,363 And my father was really nervous, 419 00:21:21,363 --> 00:21:23,807 and he told Comrade Stalin, 420 00:21:23,807 --> 00:21:27,777 "You can ask all my neighbors in my village of my name." 421 00:21:27,777 --> 00:21:29,250 "I'm Khrushchev." 422 00:21:29,250 --> 00:21:32,660 And Stalin, who looks in his eyes, 423 00:21:32,660 --> 00:21:36,157 trying to fix his reaction of these words, 424 00:21:36,157 --> 00:21:40,601 "Ah, it was Yezhov, the head of secret police, was drunk." 425 00:21:40,601 --> 00:21:42,240 (dramatic music) 426 00:21:42,240 --> 00:21:44,400 The dictator regards everyone 427 00:21:44,400 --> 00:21:46,393 as a potential spy and traitor. 428 00:21:49,670 --> 00:21:53,400 Even comrades who fought side by side with Stalin. 429 00:21:53,400 --> 00:21:56,750 Polina, wife of his closest associate, Molotov, 430 00:21:56,750 --> 00:21:58,293 is banished to the gulag. 431 00:21:59,596 --> 00:22:01,020 (Stepan speaks in foreign language) 432 00:22:01,020 --> 00:22:03,170 I think he was absolutely ruthless. 433 00:22:03,170 --> 00:22:04,670 Absolutely. 434 00:22:04,670 --> 00:22:05,503 Just imagine it. 435 00:22:05,503 --> 00:22:08,480 They'd bring him a list of the wives of people 436 00:22:08,480 --> 00:22:10,497 who'd already been arrested or shot 437 00:22:10,497 --> 00:22:12,740 and he would write next to their names 438 00:22:12,740 --> 00:22:15,923 that they should be shot as well, without a trial. 439 00:22:16,941 --> 00:22:18,381 (airplane engines whirring) 440 00:22:18,381 --> 00:22:21,273 (bombs whistling) 441 00:22:21,273 --> 00:22:22,106 (explosion blasts) 442 00:22:22,106 --> 00:22:23,670 From 1941, 443 00:22:23,670 --> 00:22:26,763 the Soviet Union is at war with Nazi Germany. 444 00:22:28,700 --> 00:22:30,960 Not long after the war begins, 445 00:22:30,960 --> 00:22:34,973 Stalin's firstborn son, Yakov, is captured by the Germans. 446 00:22:36,120 --> 00:22:37,540 After Stalingrad, 447 00:22:37,540 --> 00:22:41,700 the Nazis offered to exchange him for Field Marshal Paulus. 448 00:22:41,700 --> 00:22:43,237 Stalin responds, 449 00:22:43,237 --> 00:22:46,510 "I'm not going to exchange a private for a field marshal." 450 00:22:46,510 --> 00:22:49,340 Svetlana's brother commits suicide 451 00:22:49,340 --> 00:22:51,340 in the concentration camp. 452 00:22:51,340 --> 00:22:55,633 Yakov flings himself onto an electrified fence. 453 00:22:55,633 --> 00:22:56,680 (Stepan speaks in foreign language) 454 00:22:56,680 --> 00:22:58,900 He certainly was in a tough position. 455 00:22:58,900 --> 00:23:00,900 He would have returned if he could have. 456 00:23:00,900 --> 00:23:03,530 Maybe his father had treated him badly. 457 00:23:03,530 --> 00:23:04,780 But it was tough for him. 458 00:23:05,930 --> 00:23:09,120 (tense music) 459 00:23:09,120 --> 00:23:12,970 Night after night, there are arrests in Moscow. 460 00:23:12,970 --> 00:23:16,200 Stalin drives Svetlana's uncle on her mother's side 461 00:23:16,200 --> 00:23:17,790 to his death. 462 00:23:17,790 --> 00:23:21,500 Her aunts and cousins are seized by the secret police. 463 00:23:21,500 --> 00:23:25,268 Svetlana could no longer turn a blind eye. 464 00:23:25,268 --> 00:23:26,700 (Martha speaks in foreign language) 465 00:23:26,700 --> 00:23:30,037 She overheard her father saying on the phone, 466 00:23:30,037 --> 00:23:32,067 "We'll disguise it as an accident." 467 00:23:37,830 --> 00:23:41,060 She once said, "The worst thing about my father was 468 00:23:41,060 --> 00:23:43,877 "that he didn't even spare his own family." 469 00:23:47,200 --> 00:23:50,660 Stalin's oldest grandson, Svetlana's nephew, 470 00:23:50,660 --> 00:23:54,610 is the Russian theater director Alexander Burdonsky. 471 00:23:54,610 --> 00:23:58,320 He was born in 1941, the son of Vasily, 472 00:23:58,320 --> 00:24:01,970 followed two years later by his sister, Nadezhda. 473 00:24:01,970 --> 00:24:04,030 Neither of them will ever experience 474 00:24:04,030 --> 00:24:06,283 their grandfather in a family setting. 475 00:24:08,901 --> 00:24:10,170 (Alexander speaks in foreign language) 476 00:24:10,170 --> 00:24:12,230 We were raised rather strictly. 477 00:24:12,230 --> 00:24:13,850 And it somehow never occurred to me 478 00:24:13,850 --> 00:24:16,643 that Stalin had some sort of relationship to me. 479 00:24:20,230 --> 00:24:24,200 Vasily and Svetlana on a journey to the Crimea. 480 00:24:24,200 --> 00:24:25,390 As they grow older, 481 00:24:25,390 --> 00:24:27,913 they have less and less contact with their father. 482 00:24:31,925 --> 00:24:33,200 (Alexander speaks in foreign language) 483 00:24:33,200 --> 00:24:34,033 My father could not 484 00:24:34,033 --> 00:24:35,890 get through to Stalin directly. 485 00:24:35,890 --> 00:24:37,250 He had to phone. 486 00:24:37,250 --> 00:24:38,950 And once they knew who was on the line, 487 00:24:38,950 --> 00:24:40,630 he had to go through a couple of people 488 00:24:40,630 --> 00:24:43,490 to find out whether it was okay to dial the number 489 00:24:43,490 --> 00:24:45,960 so that his father would pick up. 490 00:24:45,960 --> 00:24:48,690 So I think that with Svetlana and with us, 491 00:24:48,690 --> 00:24:51,780 it was obviously a sense of fear, that's for sure. 492 00:24:51,780 --> 00:24:53,670 (airplane engines rumbling) (upbeat tense music) 493 00:24:53,670 --> 00:24:55,670 Vasily makes a career for himself 494 00:24:55,670 --> 00:24:56,930 in the Air Force. 495 00:24:56,930 --> 00:24:59,133 He rises to the rank of general. 496 00:25:01,010 --> 00:25:03,170 This is one of the rare public appearances 497 00:25:03,170 --> 00:25:04,920 of Stalin's children. 498 00:25:04,920 --> 00:25:08,563 Svetlana seems almost uneasy to be paid so much attention. 499 00:25:15,069 --> 00:25:16,410 (Stepan speaks in foreign language) 500 00:25:16,410 --> 00:25:18,479 Svetlana was not used to that. 501 00:25:18,479 --> 00:25:19,920 Vasily, more so. 502 00:25:19,920 --> 00:25:21,840 At the same time, they were afraid 503 00:25:21,840 --> 00:25:24,150 that if there was some kind of indiscretion, 504 00:25:24,150 --> 00:25:25,730 their father would find out about it, 505 00:25:25,730 --> 00:25:27,860 and then they would really get it. 506 00:25:27,860 --> 00:25:29,610 They were frightened in that sense. 507 00:25:30,626 --> 00:25:33,210 Vasily's excessive alcohol consumption 508 00:25:33,210 --> 00:25:35,490 has long been an open secret. 509 00:25:35,490 --> 00:25:37,260 He owes his career in the air force 510 00:25:37,260 --> 00:25:39,667 to the absolute power of his father. 511 00:25:39,667 --> 00:25:41,470 (airplane engines whirring) 512 00:25:41,470 --> 00:25:46,203 He was the awful person because he had no brakes. 513 00:25:47,100 --> 00:25:49,917 When I did something wrong, my mother told, 514 00:25:49,917 --> 00:25:51,590 "You mustn't do this, 515 00:25:51,590 --> 00:25:55,960 or you will be like Vasily Stalin." (laughs) 516 00:25:55,960 --> 00:25:59,538 And I told her, "I don't want to be like Vasily Stalin." 517 00:25:59,538 --> 00:26:02,960 (gentle somber music) 518 00:26:02,960 --> 00:26:05,600 Svetlana wants to study literature, 519 00:26:05,600 --> 00:26:08,623 but Joseph Stalin forces her to study history. 520 00:26:11,884 --> 00:26:15,440 (Marfa speaks in foreign language) 521 00:26:15,440 --> 00:26:16,700 Well, it all started 522 00:26:16,700 --> 00:26:18,330 as soon as she'd grown up, 523 00:26:18,330 --> 00:26:22,663 with her first, you might say, interest in the opposite sex. 524 00:26:23,510 --> 00:26:25,490 Maybe he was jealous. 525 00:26:25,490 --> 00:26:27,893 Or maybe he just didn't like her partners. 526 00:26:34,250 --> 00:26:37,620 Svetlana yearns for a normal life. 527 00:26:37,620 --> 00:26:39,370 A group of friends who have nothing to do 528 00:26:39,370 --> 00:26:40,963 with the intrigues of power. 529 00:26:41,830 --> 00:26:44,850 Her first great love is a Jewish filmmaker 530 00:26:44,850 --> 00:26:48,183 20 years her senior, Aleksei Kapler. 531 00:26:49,430 --> 00:26:51,130 (Marfa speaks in foreign language) 532 00:26:51,130 --> 00:26:52,720 She had gotten to know him 533 00:26:52,720 --> 00:26:55,363 and was, of course, very interested in him. 534 00:26:56,410 --> 00:26:58,560 You can imagine what it was like for her, 535 00:26:58,560 --> 00:27:01,480 being surrounded with no one she could talk to, 536 00:27:01,480 --> 00:27:03,463 learn interesting things from. 537 00:27:04,550 --> 00:27:06,670 And then it just gushed out. 538 00:27:06,670 --> 00:27:09,413 All these interesting stories about everything. 539 00:27:10,322 --> 00:27:15,225 (birds chirping) (gentle bright music) 540 00:27:15,225 --> 00:27:17,540 Svetlana is in love. 541 00:27:17,540 --> 00:27:19,923 She goes to see her father in their dacha. 542 00:27:22,940 --> 00:27:25,793 Stalin's reaction shocks Svetlana. 543 00:27:27,251 --> 00:27:31,200 (Marfa speaks in foreign language) 544 00:27:31,200 --> 00:27:33,690 And, of course, he had been informed 545 00:27:33,690 --> 00:27:37,340 that this was not the first time the two of them had met. 546 00:27:37,340 --> 00:27:40,050 But they would just meet, take a walk. 547 00:27:40,050 --> 00:27:42,673 They didn't, you know, go anywhere special. 548 00:27:43,890 --> 00:27:47,640 And to this story, so joyful for her, 549 00:27:47,640 --> 00:27:51,227 he just shouted, "Why couldn't you find a Russian?" 550 00:27:55,647 --> 00:27:57,669 (tense music) 551 00:27:57,669 --> 00:28:01,120 Joseph Stalin has his daughter's lover arrested 552 00:28:01,120 --> 00:28:03,803 and banished to a gulag for 10 years. 553 00:28:08,520 --> 00:28:11,800 Svetlana refuses to be intimidated. 554 00:28:11,800 --> 00:28:14,960 A year later, she is again in love with a Jew. 555 00:28:14,960 --> 00:28:16,343 Grigory Morozov. 556 00:28:18,399 --> 00:28:19,770 (Martha speaks in foreign language) 557 00:28:19,770 --> 00:28:21,480 Of course, that first marriage 558 00:28:21,480 --> 00:28:24,370 was an expression of defiance, in my view, 559 00:28:24,370 --> 00:28:26,410 because she knew very well what attitude 560 00:28:26,410 --> 00:28:29,303 her father had to Jewish men, to Jewish people. 561 00:28:32,298 --> 00:28:35,144 (gentle majestic music) 562 00:28:35,144 --> 00:28:37,453 Svetlana's marriage collapses. 563 00:28:38,410 --> 00:28:40,350 But during that brief period, 564 00:28:40,350 --> 00:28:44,513 she becomes a mother for the first time, at the age of 19. 565 00:28:46,773 --> 00:28:49,120 (Marfa speaks in foreign language) 566 00:28:49,120 --> 00:28:51,910 When she came with her first child, 567 00:28:51,910 --> 00:28:55,043 whom she had also named Joseph, her first son, 568 00:28:55,940 --> 00:28:58,460 Stalin never even came out 569 00:28:58,460 --> 00:29:00,363 and didn't want to see his grandson. 570 00:29:01,230 --> 00:29:03,670 How could she love a father like that? 571 00:29:06,730 --> 00:29:08,119 After their divorce, 572 00:29:08,119 --> 00:29:11,050 Svetlana's husband loses his job, 573 00:29:11,050 --> 00:29:13,173 and her father-in-law is arrested. 574 00:29:16,520 --> 00:29:20,640 Now Joseph Stalin attempts to find a husband for Svetlana 575 00:29:20,640 --> 00:29:22,443 who meets with his approval. 576 00:29:25,480 --> 00:29:29,495 Stepan Mikoyan is one of the candidates on the shortlist. 577 00:29:29,495 --> 00:29:31,030 (Stepan speaks in foreign language) 578 00:29:31,030 --> 00:29:32,880 That was once an issue, yes. 579 00:29:32,880 --> 00:29:34,480 When she'd separated, because of him, 580 00:29:34,480 --> 00:29:36,470 from her first husband, a Jew, 581 00:29:36,470 --> 00:29:38,460 that's when Stalin started looking, 582 00:29:38,460 --> 00:29:41,160 as I later learned, for candidates. 583 00:29:41,160 --> 00:29:42,850 But I was already married. 584 00:29:42,850 --> 00:29:45,280 Although he probably didn't know that. 585 00:29:45,280 --> 00:29:48,573 To get tied up with Stalin would have been dreadful. 586 00:29:50,450 --> 00:29:52,193 Really, really dreadful. 587 00:29:55,846 --> 00:29:57,092 (Stepan laughs) 588 00:29:57,092 --> 00:29:58,790 Svetlana's second marriage, 589 00:29:58,790 --> 00:30:01,070 to the son of a Politburo member, 590 00:30:01,070 --> 00:30:02,913 collapses just as quickly. 591 00:30:06,520 --> 00:30:08,720 She is left with a daughter. 592 00:30:08,720 --> 00:30:11,480 Now, Svetlana lives with her son Joseph 593 00:30:11,480 --> 00:30:13,470 and her daughter Yekaterina 594 00:30:13,470 --> 00:30:16,180 in an apartment Stalin has arranged. 595 00:30:16,180 --> 00:30:18,693 The children hardly know their grandfather. 596 00:30:24,389 --> 00:30:26,972 (tense music) 597 00:30:28,310 --> 00:30:32,730 Joseph Stalin dies on 5th March, 1953, 598 00:30:32,730 --> 00:30:33,713 from a stroke. 599 00:30:34,550 --> 00:30:37,290 Svetlana is the only member of the family 600 00:30:37,290 --> 00:30:39,053 to be called to his deathbed. 601 00:30:40,340 --> 00:30:43,036 They never spoke to one another again. 602 00:30:43,036 --> 00:30:45,619 (solemn music) 603 00:30:47,330 --> 00:30:51,660 Throughout the country, the funeral is a state occasion. 604 00:30:51,660 --> 00:30:55,173 The Russian people are in mourning for Father Stalin. 605 00:30:57,150 --> 00:30:59,610 At this time, Stalin's oldest grandson 606 00:30:59,610 --> 00:31:01,936 is attending a cadet school. 607 00:31:01,936 --> 00:31:03,140 (Alexander speaks in foreign language) 608 00:31:03,140 --> 00:31:05,650 I was brought there on a plane. 609 00:31:05,650 --> 00:31:09,060 I was frightened by these throngs of people walking by 610 00:31:09,060 --> 00:31:10,043 through whom we drove, 611 00:31:10,043 --> 00:31:12,463 and who were walking to the Hall of Pillars. 612 00:31:13,580 --> 00:31:16,170 Everyone was sobbing out loud. 613 00:31:16,170 --> 00:31:17,433 That's how it was. 614 00:31:24,090 --> 00:31:26,813 Crowds filed past Stalin's coffin. 615 00:31:30,445 --> 00:31:31,682 (Stepan speaks in foreign language) 616 00:31:31,682 --> 00:31:33,220 There was a special entrance for us, 617 00:31:33,220 --> 00:31:35,150 and an enormous queue. 618 00:31:35,150 --> 00:31:36,520 But we didn't stand in the queue, 619 00:31:36,520 --> 00:31:38,690 we used the other entrance. 620 00:31:38,690 --> 00:31:41,470 We went there every day because Svetlana was going 621 00:31:41,470 --> 00:31:44,143 and my wife went with her, so I came too. 622 00:31:45,410 --> 00:31:49,130 I didn't go for the whole time but was there every day. 623 00:31:49,130 --> 00:31:52,094 I believe it was for three days. 624 00:31:52,094 --> 00:31:53,920 And the first time I drove to my father's then 625 00:31:53,920 --> 00:31:57,357 for Sunday lunch, I said to him, "I went there every day." 626 00:31:57,357 --> 00:32:00,030 And he said, "Well, you shouldn't have." 627 00:32:00,030 --> 00:32:03,043 And since that time, I began to think more about Stalin. 628 00:32:04,115 --> 00:32:06,698 (solemn music) 629 00:32:07,670 --> 00:32:08,503 Although the relationship 630 00:32:08,503 --> 00:32:10,537 between them was difficult, 631 00:32:10,537 --> 00:32:13,727 Svetlana mourns her father sincerely. 632 00:32:13,727 --> 00:32:15,980 (Martha speaks in foreign language) 633 00:32:15,980 --> 00:32:16,847 She said, 634 00:32:16,847 --> 00:32:19,477 "I know I wasn't always a good daughter, 635 00:32:19,477 --> 00:32:22,547 "and my father wasn't always a good father, 636 00:32:22,547 --> 00:32:25,777 "but my father did love me, and I loved him." 637 00:32:26,891 --> 00:32:29,400 And I think everything else fades away 638 00:32:29,400 --> 00:32:30,500 at the point of death. 639 00:32:32,740 --> 00:32:36,060 Joseph Stalin is carried to his grave. 640 00:32:36,060 --> 00:32:40,690 In 1953, the world is dominated by the Cold War, 641 00:32:40,690 --> 00:32:42,800 but Svetlana dreams of a life 642 00:32:42,800 --> 00:32:44,803 on the other side of the Iron Curtain. 643 00:32:45,818 --> 00:32:47,800 (Marfa speaks in foreign language) 644 00:32:47,800 --> 00:32:49,053 We're standing on the balcony, 645 00:32:49,053 --> 00:32:50,930 talking about something, 646 00:32:50,930 --> 00:32:55,033 and all of a sudden, we see a group of people going by. 647 00:32:55,910 --> 00:32:58,200 And when they come close, 648 00:32:58,200 --> 00:33:00,450 we could hear them speaking English. 649 00:33:00,450 --> 00:33:02,967 And all of a sudden, Svetlana says to me, 650 00:33:02,967 --> 00:33:04,867 "That's where I would like to live." 651 00:33:05,889 --> 00:33:09,310 (dramatic music) 652 00:33:09,310 --> 00:33:11,430 Not long after Stalin's death, 653 00:33:11,430 --> 00:33:14,570 his daughter decides to use her mother's maiden name. 654 00:33:14,570 --> 00:33:18,968 From now on, she calls herself Svetlana Alliluyeva. 655 00:33:18,968 --> 00:33:20,480 (Stepan speaks in foreign language) 656 00:33:20,480 --> 00:33:21,670 And when Khrushchev's report 657 00:33:21,670 --> 00:33:23,320 against Stalin came out, you know, 658 00:33:23,320 --> 00:33:27,280 after the 20th Congress, my father gave it to me. 659 00:33:27,280 --> 00:33:29,580 I even thought that he gave it to me on purpose 660 00:33:29,580 --> 00:33:31,333 so I would give it to Svetlana. 661 00:33:34,970 --> 00:33:36,410 Nikita Khrushchev, 662 00:33:36,410 --> 00:33:38,510 the old friend of Svetlana's mother 663 00:33:38,510 --> 00:33:41,170 who will later be her father's successor, 664 00:33:41,170 --> 00:33:44,197 breaks with the legacy of the bloody dictator. 665 00:33:44,197 --> 00:33:46,864 (ominous music) 666 00:33:48,400 --> 00:33:51,640 All of us believed that Stalin was a god 667 00:33:51,640 --> 00:33:55,600 and he really was the person who 668 00:33:55,600 --> 00:33:58,020 tried to do the best to the people. 669 00:34:05,820 --> 00:34:08,010 I gave it to her, and she read it, 670 00:34:08,010 --> 00:34:10,400 she read it right here in the apartment. 671 00:34:10,400 --> 00:34:11,397 And then she said, 672 00:34:11,397 --> 00:34:14,397 "You know, guys, the most terrible thing is that it's true." 673 00:34:17,110 --> 00:34:20,520 After Stalin dies, Vasily is demoted 674 00:34:20,520 --> 00:34:23,810 and later sentenced to eight years in prison. 675 00:34:23,810 --> 00:34:26,080 In 1961, he dies, 676 00:34:26,080 --> 00:34:31,000 aged just 41, from the consequences of his alcoholism. 677 00:34:31,000 --> 00:34:33,992 He is buried in a grave alongside his mother. 678 00:34:33,992 --> 00:34:36,575 (tense music) 679 00:34:40,340 --> 00:34:43,000 In the late '50s and early '60s, 680 00:34:43,000 --> 00:34:47,240 Svetlana leads a reclusive life in Moscow with her children. 681 00:34:47,240 --> 00:34:49,870 She secretly writes her memoirs. 682 00:34:49,870 --> 00:34:53,853 The Soviet Union has become a prison for Stalin's daughter. 683 00:35:03,690 --> 00:35:07,290 During a stay in hospital in 1963, 684 00:35:07,290 --> 00:35:11,250 Svetlana meets an Indian man, Brajesh Singh, 685 00:35:11,250 --> 00:35:12,663 and falls in love with him. 686 00:35:18,290 --> 00:35:21,120 She really fights for Singh. 687 00:35:21,120 --> 00:35:25,010 Word got around, "Svetlana wants to marry again." 688 00:35:25,010 --> 00:35:28,763 But now she needs permission in order to marry a foreigner. 689 00:35:32,078 --> 00:35:34,130 Brajesh Singh is seriously ill 690 00:35:34,130 --> 00:35:35,810 with a lung condition. 691 00:35:35,810 --> 00:35:38,890 Svetlana requests an audience with the Russian premier, 692 00:35:38,890 --> 00:35:40,310 Alexei Kosygin. 693 00:35:40,310 --> 00:35:42,650 (Martha speaks in foreign language) 694 00:35:42,650 --> 00:35:44,780 So then she goes back to the Kremlin 695 00:35:44,780 --> 00:35:49,130 for the first time to see Kosygin, who's sitting in the room 696 00:35:49,130 --> 00:35:51,530 that was her father's when he ruled the country. 697 00:35:52,510 --> 00:35:54,260 But Kosygin makes it clear to her 698 00:35:54,260 --> 00:35:57,380 that she shouldn't marry a sick Indian. 699 00:35:57,380 --> 00:36:00,301 She should marry a healthy Russian instead. 700 00:36:00,301 --> 00:36:03,230 (sparse tense music) 701 00:36:03,230 --> 00:36:05,180 Permission is not granted. 702 00:36:06,220 --> 00:36:11,220 On 31st October 1966, Singh dies in Svetlana's arms. 703 00:36:13,690 --> 00:36:17,490 Svetlana wants to take his ashes to India in person. 704 00:36:17,490 --> 00:36:20,120 Since 1964, Leonid Brezhnev 705 00:36:20,120 --> 00:36:22,410 has been ruling the Soviet Union. 706 00:36:22,410 --> 00:36:25,050 By employing her contacts and her cunning, 707 00:36:25,050 --> 00:36:27,550 Svetlana persuades Brezhnev. 708 00:36:27,550 --> 00:36:31,713 In January 1967, he allows her to make the journey. 709 00:36:34,587 --> 00:36:36,080 (Martha speaks in foreign language) 710 00:36:36,080 --> 00:36:38,980 Then all the senior officials had to agree 711 00:36:38,980 --> 00:36:41,320 that she should be permitted to go to India 712 00:36:41,320 --> 00:36:42,423 for a week or two. 713 00:36:44,820 --> 00:36:48,230 By now, Svetlana is 40 years old. 714 00:36:48,230 --> 00:36:49,250 For the first time, 715 00:36:49,250 --> 00:36:52,385 she is allowed to leave the Soviet Union. 716 00:36:52,385 --> 00:36:55,968 (gentle thoughtful music) 717 00:36:57,594 --> 00:36:58,820 (Alexander speaks in foreign language) 718 00:36:58,820 --> 00:37:00,240 Not long before her departure, 719 00:37:00,240 --> 00:37:01,670 things were pretty nice. 720 00:37:01,670 --> 00:37:03,980 We had quite a large group at our house, 721 00:37:03,980 --> 00:37:06,230 talking about who had gone where and whatnot. 722 00:37:07,880 --> 00:37:09,270 And all of a sudden, 723 00:37:09,270 --> 00:37:12,457 I'd never had this from Svetlana before, she said, 724 00:37:12,457 --> 00:37:14,157 "And why not leave?" 725 00:37:14,157 --> 00:37:16,900 "Well, yeah. Motherland this, Motherland that." 726 00:37:16,900 --> 00:37:18,127 But she just said, 727 00:37:18,127 --> 00:37:20,687 "Isn't it really a feeling you take away with you?" 728 00:37:22,237 --> 00:37:24,230 (airplane engines whirring) (upbeat tense music) 729 00:37:24,230 --> 00:37:26,830 Stalin's daughter travels to India. 730 00:37:26,830 --> 00:37:30,393 Her children, almost grown up by now, remain behind. 731 00:37:31,920 --> 00:37:34,260 It is the peak of the Cold War. 732 00:37:34,260 --> 00:37:38,330 In 1967, the Americans are fighting in Vietnam 733 00:37:38,330 --> 00:37:41,500 to halt the spread of communist regimes. 734 00:37:41,500 --> 00:37:44,943 And the Soviet Union is busy rattling sabers. 735 00:37:46,670 --> 00:37:49,760 In India, Svetlana blossoms. 736 00:37:49,760 --> 00:37:53,050 She would very much like to remain with the Singh family, 737 00:37:53,050 --> 00:37:55,800 but the Indian government won't allow this. 738 00:37:55,800 --> 00:37:57,210 After almost two months, 739 00:37:57,210 --> 00:37:59,913 the KGB tries to force her to return. 740 00:38:01,120 --> 00:38:04,413 But Stalin's daughter decides to make her escape. 741 00:38:07,160 --> 00:38:08,437 She said she wanted to defect 742 00:38:08,437 --> 00:38:10,380 and she was Stalin's daughter, 743 00:38:10,380 --> 00:38:12,820 but they weren't sure she really was Stalin's daughter. 744 00:38:12,820 --> 00:38:14,760 That's when the State Department decided 745 00:38:14,760 --> 00:38:17,960 that they had to have somebody who could authenticate her. 746 00:38:17,960 --> 00:38:19,373 And they picked my father. 747 00:38:20,240 --> 00:38:21,720 That very same night, 748 00:38:21,720 --> 00:38:23,950 accompanied by a CIA agent, 749 00:38:23,950 --> 00:38:26,543 Svetlana is flown out of the country. 750 00:38:26,543 --> 00:38:29,280 (suspenseful music) 751 00:38:29,280 --> 00:38:32,853 She is to meet with George Kennan in neutral Switzerland. 752 00:38:34,260 --> 00:38:36,259 He was quite impressed. 753 00:38:36,259 --> 00:38:38,550 First of all, it was definitely Stalin's daughter. 754 00:38:38,550 --> 00:38:40,000 That was not even a question. 755 00:38:41,210 --> 00:38:42,480 The Soviet leadership 756 00:38:42,480 --> 00:38:44,990 is informed in a secret telegram. 757 00:38:44,990 --> 00:38:47,120 At this point, Svetlana's children 758 00:38:47,120 --> 00:38:49,348 also discover that she has fled. 759 00:38:49,348 --> 00:38:50,430 (Martha speaks in foreign language) 760 00:38:50,430 --> 00:38:52,650 She was booked on a certain flight, 761 00:38:52,650 --> 00:38:55,040 and her son went to meet her. 762 00:38:55,040 --> 00:38:57,958 Only at the airport did he hear, over the radio, 763 00:38:57,958 --> 00:39:00,883 that Stalin's daughter wasn't coming back. 764 00:39:02,054 --> 00:39:05,360 At the time, Joseph is 21 years old 765 00:39:05,360 --> 00:39:07,880 and Yekaterina is 17. 766 00:39:07,880 --> 00:39:11,289 She will never forgive her mother for abandoning her. 767 00:39:11,289 --> 00:39:14,872 (gentle thoughtful music) 768 00:39:15,902 --> 00:39:17,800 (Marfa speaks in foreign language) 769 00:39:17,800 --> 00:39:18,950 I already knew 770 00:39:18,950 --> 00:39:21,500 that she wanted to leave this country, 771 00:39:21,500 --> 00:39:23,323 which she simply hated. 772 00:39:24,480 --> 00:39:27,867 And I said to everyone who was saying, "Oh, oh!" 773 00:39:27,867 --> 00:39:31,447 "You have no idea what her life was like." 774 00:39:31,447 --> 00:39:33,327 "If you had even the slightest idea 775 00:39:33,327 --> 00:39:36,617 "what she went through here, and how hard it was for her 776 00:39:36,617 --> 00:39:39,087 "to bear the name of Stalin here." 777 00:39:41,683 --> 00:39:43,780 (dramatic music) 778 00:39:43,780 --> 00:39:44,613 The Kremlin 779 00:39:44,613 --> 00:39:47,280 sets its propaganda machine in motion. 780 00:39:47,280 --> 00:39:50,030 It is claimed that Stalin's daughter went insane 781 00:39:50,030 --> 00:39:52,480 and was kidnapped by the CIA. 782 00:39:52,480 --> 00:39:53,890 Worse things are planned. 783 00:39:53,890 --> 00:39:56,330 One obvious possibility was to kill her. 784 00:39:56,330 --> 00:39:59,830 I don't know did they receive the order to kill her, 785 00:39:59,830 --> 00:40:04,830 because they could not kill her without Brezhnev approval. 786 00:40:06,890 --> 00:40:09,510 On 12th April, 1967, 787 00:40:09,510 --> 00:40:11,433 Svetlana lands in New York. 788 00:40:13,220 --> 00:40:15,320 I was there at the airport. 789 00:40:15,320 --> 00:40:17,920 My sister Joan and I were up in a... 790 00:40:17,920 --> 00:40:19,850 We were up high and looking down, 791 00:40:19,850 --> 00:40:21,630 and we could see snipers on the roof. 792 00:40:21,630 --> 00:40:23,673 We'd never seen snipers on the roof. 793 00:40:25,280 --> 00:40:28,543 You know, there was tremendous excitement when she defected. 794 00:40:29,850 --> 00:40:30,870 A woman once known 795 00:40:30,870 --> 00:40:32,870 as the little princess of the Kremlin, 796 00:40:32,870 --> 00:40:35,100 arrives in America from Switzerland. 797 00:40:35,100 --> 00:40:37,040 Svetlana, the 42-year-old daughter 798 00:40:37,040 --> 00:40:39,210 of Soviet dictator Joseph Stalin, 799 00:40:39,210 --> 00:40:41,780 sought asylum here, where one can feel. 800 00:40:41,780 --> 00:40:43,840 Even before her arrival, 801 00:40:43,840 --> 00:40:45,410 Svetlana had sold her memoirs 802 00:40:45,410 --> 00:40:47,840 for a record sum of $3 million. 803 00:40:47,840 --> 00:40:50,850 Communist dogma has lost its significance. 804 00:40:50,850 --> 00:40:52,420 The daughter of the Red Czar 805 00:40:52,420 --> 00:40:55,343 has become a propaganda tool for Western capitalism. 806 00:40:56,350 --> 00:40:59,800 If you defected, it was clear that you will become 807 00:41:00,740 --> 00:41:02,750 manipulated by CIA, 808 00:41:02,750 --> 00:41:06,883 and it became part of the big political game. 809 00:41:08,240 --> 00:41:10,810 At first, Svetlana is hidden on a farm 810 00:41:10,810 --> 00:41:12,763 belonging to George Kennan. 811 00:41:14,510 --> 00:41:17,727 His daughter Grace looks after her there. 812 00:41:17,727 --> 00:41:20,380 (gentle tense music) 813 00:41:20,380 --> 00:41:23,480 He made me feel like we had Trotsky in there. 814 00:41:23,480 --> 00:41:28,480 That she could be, any time, kidnapped or assassinated. 815 00:41:31,620 --> 00:41:35,450 The State Department offered her security 816 00:41:35,450 --> 00:41:37,360 and she turned it down. 817 00:41:37,360 --> 00:41:40,710 I remember her telling me about it. She was twirling around. 818 00:41:40,710 --> 00:41:43,520 She was very physically exuberant. 819 00:41:43,520 --> 00:41:47,375 She was kind of twirling and saying, "I'm free! I'm free!" 820 00:41:47,375 --> 00:41:48,817 And I was thinking, 821 00:41:48,817 --> 00:41:52,070 "Yeah, you're free and I'm worried." (laughs) 822 00:41:52,070 --> 00:41:53,947 Because I was worried. 823 00:41:53,947 --> 00:41:55,888 (gentle somber music) 824 00:41:55,888 --> 00:41:58,370 Svetlana receives the international press 825 00:41:58,370 --> 00:42:00,660 in a luxury New York hotel 826 00:42:00,660 --> 00:42:02,973 and talks about her future in the USA. 827 00:42:06,600 --> 00:42:11,590 Well, I think that before the marriage, it should be love. 828 00:42:12,476 --> 00:42:15,757 (laughing) So if I will love this country 829 00:42:15,757 --> 00:42:17,974 and this country will love me, 830 00:42:17,974 --> 00:42:21,474 then the marriage will be settled, but I cannot say now. 831 00:42:21,474 --> 00:42:22,730 (people applauding) 832 00:42:22,730 --> 00:42:26,000 The public is surprised by her good English. 833 00:42:26,000 --> 00:42:29,860 The sale of rights to her book makes Svetlana rich. 834 00:42:29,860 --> 00:42:33,030 Stalin's daughter is treated as a media star, 835 00:42:33,030 --> 00:42:34,823 proclaiming the joys of freedom. 836 00:42:38,290 --> 00:42:40,180 I am dreaming about the time when 837 00:42:41,390 --> 00:42:43,680 two countries, two great countries, 838 00:42:43,680 --> 00:42:47,230 Russia and United States, could become really friendly 839 00:42:47,230 --> 00:42:50,930 and people could have free contact 840 00:42:50,930 --> 00:42:53,343 and travel here and there. 841 00:42:55,240 --> 00:42:58,870 Now, Svetlana is invited everywhere. 842 00:42:58,870 --> 00:43:01,483 One of these invitations takes her to Taliesin. 843 00:43:02,630 --> 00:43:07,110 This artists' colony set in the hilly Wisconsin countryside 844 00:43:07,110 --> 00:43:10,790 reminds her of Georgia, her father's homeland. 845 00:43:10,790 --> 00:43:13,160 It is here that she will find new love. 846 00:43:16,689 --> 00:43:19,530 Only a few weeks after her arrival, 847 00:43:19,530 --> 00:43:22,930 she marries Wesley Peters, the closest assistant 848 00:43:22,930 --> 00:43:25,533 of the brilliant architect Frank Lloyd Wright. 849 00:43:30,490 --> 00:43:32,930 Svetlana is already 44 years old 850 00:43:32,930 --> 00:43:35,500 when their daughter Olga is born. 851 00:43:35,500 --> 00:43:38,350 It looks as though her happiness is perfect. 852 00:43:38,350 --> 00:43:40,640 But the reporters who come to talk to her 853 00:43:40,640 --> 00:43:43,640 only ever want to talk about one thing. 854 00:43:43,640 --> 00:43:44,743 Joseph Stalin. 855 00:43:46,800 --> 00:43:47,640 It's ironic that 856 00:43:47,640 --> 00:43:50,734 the granddaughter of Joseph Stalin 857 00:43:50,734 --> 00:43:53,653 is born in capitalistic United States. 858 00:43:54,860 --> 00:43:55,693 Well, I don't know. 859 00:43:55,693 --> 00:43:57,980 First of all, I don't see any irony 860 00:43:57,980 --> 00:44:00,970 about myself living in this country. 861 00:44:00,970 --> 00:44:03,847 I feel very much at home here. 862 00:44:05,493 --> 00:44:08,070 Her happiness with her new husband 863 00:44:08,070 --> 00:44:09,793 is once again short-lived. 864 00:44:11,470 --> 00:44:13,190 Svetlana feels restricted 865 00:44:13,190 --> 00:44:16,550 by the strict regulations in the artists' commune, 866 00:44:16,550 --> 00:44:19,870 though this is the framework of Wesley Peters' life. 867 00:44:19,870 --> 00:44:23,120 She buys a nearby ranch for her husband's son, 868 00:44:23,120 --> 00:44:26,480 but not even this step can rescue her marriage. 869 00:44:26,480 --> 00:44:29,163 She almost always made poor decisions. 870 00:44:31,110 --> 00:44:34,610 I mean, lots of people told her not to give her money away, 871 00:44:34,610 --> 00:44:37,330 not to invest in, as we were told, 872 00:44:37,330 --> 00:44:39,690 it was in the ranch of her husband's son. 873 00:44:39,690 --> 00:44:42,593 She always did exactly what she wanted to do. 874 00:44:43,720 --> 00:44:45,180 And that was a little bit, maybe, 875 00:44:45,180 --> 00:44:47,953 the princess element I'm referring to. 876 00:44:49,179 --> 00:44:51,710 Svetlana moves to Princeton. 877 00:44:51,710 --> 00:44:53,950 She lived there before this marriage, 878 00:44:53,950 --> 00:44:56,840 but her dream of teaching literature at the university 879 00:44:56,840 --> 00:44:58,440 comes to nothing. 880 00:44:58,440 --> 00:45:00,300 She still has money, though. 881 00:45:00,300 --> 00:45:03,330 A second book about her first year in the USA 882 00:45:03,330 --> 00:45:05,083 is also a financial success. 883 00:45:08,380 --> 00:45:09,910 (Martha speaks in foreign language) 884 00:45:09,910 --> 00:45:11,150 Svetlana ended up 885 00:45:11,150 --> 00:45:14,510 living alone with her little daughter Olga. 886 00:45:14,510 --> 00:45:16,280 The American girl, 887 00:45:16,280 --> 00:45:19,253 who was to grow up not speaking a word of Russian. 888 00:45:20,380 --> 00:45:23,103 She was to become as American as apple pie. 889 00:45:25,000 --> 00:45:26,290 Back in Moscow, 890 00:45:26,290 --> 00:45:29,310 Svetlana has arranged to be baptized. 891 00:45:29,310 --> 00:45:30,700 Now, in Princeton, 892 00:45:30,700 --> 00:45:34,000 she finds friends among the Anglican community. 893 00:45:34,000 --> 00:45:36,830 She hardly ever appears in public these days. 894 00:45:36,830 --> 00:45:39,100 She feels as though she's being watched, 895 00:45:39,100 --> 00:45:40,743 followed everywhere. 896 00:45:40,743 --> 00:45:43,910 (upbeat tense music) 897 00:45:45,210 --> 00:45:48,780 She was very much afraid of other people. 898 00:45:48,780 --> 00:45:50,780 In fact, she would come to our house, 899 00:45:50,780 --> 00:45:53,640 but she would ask us please to not have other people. 900 00:45:53,640 --> 00:45:57,550 She turned down parties 901 00:45:57,550 --> 00:46:02,010 to the president of the United States twice. 902 00:46:02,010 --> 00:46:05,693 She thought she was being manipulated by the CIA, often. 903 00:46:09,100 --> 00:46:10,340 Stalin's daughter 904 00:46:10,340 --> 00:46:12,223 finds it impossible to be at peace. 905 00:46:13,270 --> 00:46:16,640 Svetlana moves around the world restlessly. 906 00:46:16,640 --> 00:46:19,000 Since her escape from the Soviet Union, 907 00:46:19,000 --> 00:46:21,213 she has had no contact with her children. 908 00:46:22,290 --> 00:46:26,840 I was prepared not to see them for a long time. 909 00:46:26,840 --> 00:46:29,420 I was not prepared for the idea that 910 00:46:29,420 --> 00:46:32,460 they will not be permitted even to write to me. 911 00:46:32,460 --> 00:46:34,020 Their well-being depends on the fact 912 00:46:34,020 --> 00:46:36,129 that they are cut off from me. 913 00:46:36,129 --> 00:46:39,340 (birds chirping) 914 00:46:39,340 --> 00:46:41,090 Homeless and lonely, 915 00:46:41,090 --> 00:46:43,710 Svetlana attempts to find a home for herself 916 00:46:43,710 --> 00:46:45,400 with her daughter. 917 00:46:45,400 --> 00:46:47,780 When she goes to see a Russian film in the cinema 918 00:46:47,780 --> 00:46:50,883 with one of her friends, Svetlana breaks down. 919 00:46:52,020 --> 00:46:54,967 We went together to see "Oblomov." 920 00:46:56,580 --> 00:47:01,580 And a half-hour after everybody else had left the theater, 921 00:47:03,310 --> 00:47:07,380 she was still sobbing uncontrollably. 922 00:47:07,380 --> 00:47:10,130 She said this was her childhood. 923 00:47:10,130 --> 00:47:12,760 This was the earth she remembered. 924 00:47:12,760 --> 00:47:14,553 It brought everything in. 925 00:47:15,855 --> 00:47:18,400 The mother, the love of a mother. 926 00:47:18,400 --> 00:47:22,082 It just took her back to, really, Mother Russia. 927 00:47:22,082 --> 00:47:24,780 (sparse tense music) 928 00:47:24,780 --> 00:47:27,460 New headlines in 1984. 929 00:47:27,460 --> 00:47:32,060 Svetlana returns to Moscow with her American daughter, Olga. 930 00:47:32,060 --> 00:47:34,370 Did her son ask her to come back 931 00:47:34,370 --> 00:47:37,513 on the urging of the KGB and the leaders of the country? 932 00:47:38,440 --> 00:47:41,310 This is what Svetlana believes later. 933 00:47:41,310 --> 00:47:44,110 She soon feels she is being used by the government 934 00:47:44,110 --> 00:47:45,875 for Soviet propaganda. 935 00:47:45,875 --> 00:47:47,960 (Alexander speaks in foreign language) 936 00:47:47,960 --> 00:47:50,987 She once said a very memorable phrase. 937 00:47:50,987 --> 00:47:53,343 "I arrived in Moscow with such nostalgia. 938 00:47:54,647 --> 00:47:58,572 "I arrived in Moscow. I walked the streets of Moscow." 939 00:47:58,572 --> 00:48:00,727 "And I have a feeling that everywhere are crosses, 940 00:48:00,727 --> 00:48:04,067 "crosses, crosses, like in a cemetery." 941 00:48:06,280 --> 00:48:09,603 She was doomed to wander, you see? She was simply doomed. 942 00:48:11,170 --> 00:48:13,660 Because it was still all a part of her. 943 00:48:13,660 --> 00:48:16,313 It was impossible to escape from her inner world. 944 00:48:19,809 --> 00:48:21,840 Even the Soviet leadership 945 00:48:21,840 --> 00:48:24,250 gradually leaves her alone. 946 00:48:24,250 --> 00:48:26,260 After only a year, she is permitted 947 00:48:26,260 --> 00:48:29,073 to travel back to the West without any difficulty. 948 00:48:32,639 --> 00:48:33,870 (Stepan speaks in foreign language) 949 00:48:33,870 --> 00:48:36,610 I remember the last time I saw her. 950 00:48:36,610 --> 00:48:38,120 I was driving on the stone bridge 951 00:48:38,120 --> 00:48:40,800 in the right lane to turn off towards home 952 00:48:40,800 --> 00:48:42,750 and she was walking along the sidewalk. 953 00:48:43,950 --> 00:48:46,010 She saw me, waved, smiled, 954 00:48:46,010 --> 00:48:47,860 and that was the last time I saw her. 955 00:48:48,800 --> 00:48:51,170 Feeling restless, always running, 956 00:48:51,170 --> 00:48:53,050 she lives in England for some time 957 00:48:53,050 --> 00:48:55,510 and then returns to the USA. 958 00:48:55,510 --> 00:48:58,740 Svetlana changes homes more than 40 times. 959 00:48:58,740 --> 00:49:00,840 Each time, the residences are smaller 960 00:49:00,840 --> 00:49:02,083 and there is less money. 961 00:49:03,000 --> 00:49:05,380 Martha Schad meets her at the final stage 962 00:49:05,380 --> 00:49:06,563 of her life's voyage. 963 00:49:08,540 --> 00:49:10,210 We agreed that I would come to see her 964 00:49:10,210 --> 00:49:12,130 in her senior citizens' home. 965 00:49:12,130 --> 00:49:13,600 And when I got there, 966 00:49:13,600 --> 00:49:15,900 Svetlana was standing outside, waiting for me. 967 00:49:17,110 --> 00:49:19,853 The home in Wisconsin accepts the needy. 968 00:49:23,310 --> 00:49:24,370 Once again, 969 00:49:24,370 --> 00:49:28,253 the highs and lows of Svetlana's life are to be depicted. 970 00:49:31,885 --> 00:49:33,080 (Martha speaks in foreign language) 971 00:49:33,080 --> 00:49:35,197 And what she told me, again and again, was, 972 00:49:35,197 --> 00:49:38,410 "Write about me. Not about my father." 973 00:49:38,410 --> 00:49:41,410 But how is it possible to write about Svetlana 974 00:49:41,410 --> 00:49:43,043 without talking about Stalin? 975 00:49:44,290 --> 00:49:47,160 Land of her father. I came to the room. 976 00:49:47,160 --> 00:49:48,780 Yeah. Dah, dah! "Father!" 977 00:49:48,780 --> 00:49:50,090 All righty. Just stop all this! 978 00:49:50,090 --> 00:49:51,260 I stop it. 979 00:49:51,260 --> 00:49:52,948 I stop it right away. I'm sorry. 980 00:49:52,948 --> 00:49:54,340 I don't want to be- 981 00:49:54,340 --> 00:49:55,173 Okay. I stop it. 982 00:49:55,173 --> 00:49:56,770 I don't want quotations from- 983 00:49:56,770 --> 00:49:58,660 All righty. Russian papers. 984 00:49:58,660 --> 00:50:00,133 All righty. 985 00:50:00,133 --> 00:50:01,742 (Svetlana grunts) Okay. 986 00:50:01,742 --> 00:50:04,742 (papers clattering) 987 00:50:05,685 --> 00:50:07,440 So I turned off the camera 988 00:50:07,440 --> 00:50:08,623 and she settled down. 989 00:50:09,620 --> 00:50:11,750 Then she started speaking. 990 00:50:11,750 --> 00:50:14,457 And what were her first words? 991 00:50:14,457 --> 00:50:15,407 "My father." 992 00:50:15,407 --> 00:50:17,085 "My father." 993 00:50:17,085 --> 00:50:20,335 (gentle solemn music) 994 00:50:23,400 --> 00:50:25,370 Svetlana Alliluyeva, 995 00:50:25,370 --> 00:50:27,310 the princess from the Kremlin, 996 00:50:27,310 --> 00:50:31,003 dies in utter poverty in November 2011. 997 00:50:34,620 --> 00:50:38,240 She talked about when she was living in the poor houses 998 00:50:38,240 --> 00:50:41,550 with other people, sharing bathrooms and kitchens. 999 00:50:41,550 --> 00:50:43,350 She was happy about that. 1000 00:50:43,350 --> 00:50:45,067 She said, "This was right. 1001 00:50:45,067 --> 00:50:47,877 "I started at the top. I should end at the bottom. 1002 00:50:47,877 --> 00:50:49,797 "That's the great balance." 1003 00:50:51,640 --> 00:50:54,323 Stalin did love his daughter, Svetlana. 1004 00:50:55,410 --> 00:50:59,470 But there was no escape for her from the shadow of his life. 1005 00:51:00,758 --> 00:51:04,758 (gentle solemn music continues)